Nozzle for bead-pipe machines



J. B. GOLLAN. LEAD PIPE MACHINE.

Patented Jan 1, 1851.

. wasumm'on n c JNO. B. COLLAN, OF READING, PENNSYLVANIA.

NOZZLE FOR LEAD-PIPE MACHINES.

T 0 all whOm it may concern Be it known that 1, JOHN B. CoLLAN, ofReading, in the county of Berks and State of Pennsylvania, have inventedcertain new and useful Improvements in Machines for Making Lead Pipe, ofwhich the following is a full, clear, and exact description, referencebeing had to the accompanying drawing which forms part of thisspecification, and in which Figure 1 represents a view in perspective ofmy machine, Fig. 2 is a vertical section of the same at the line pp ofFig. 1, and Fi 3 a horizontal section at the line 00-00 of Fig. 2.

My machine is constructed to manufacture lead pipe by pumping meltedlead through a corrugated nozzle or die in which a mandrel is supported;the nozzle and mandrel being constructed in such manner that in formingthe pipe the lead in its passage through the tubular nozzle is stronglycompressed thus forming pipe of increased density and freedom fromflaws.

My machine is composed principally of a tubular nozzle with its mandrel,which give shape to the pipe, of a set of force pumps by which themelted lead is forced through the nozzle, and of a vessel or cistern inwhich the lead is melted or into which the lead previously melted isintroduced and which supplies it to the pumps.

In the accompanying drawing A is the lead cistern into which leadpreviously melted is introduced or in which the lead is melted by thedirect application of heat; it communicates near the bottom of one ofits sides with the barrels of three force pumps B the mouths of thepassages to these pumps being fitted with a gate C by which the supplyof lead is regulated or shut off. The pump barrels in this example areall cast in one piece, each is fitted with a solid plunger or with oneD, of the construction represented in section in Fig. this latterdescription of'plunger is hollow, having an opening in its sidecorresponding in position with the passage to the lead cistern; thelower extremity of this hollow plunger is closed by a valve a. whichopens as the piston is raised and closes as it 1s depressed. The escapeof lead around the plunger where it passes through the upper extremityof the pump chamber is prevented by a metallic packing b which is set upby screws 0 as it wears away. Each plunger is connected by a connectingrod cl with the strap 6 of an eccentric E secured to a driving shaft Fdirectly above the three pumps, the three eccentrics being set on theshaft in such manner as will produce the most equalole pumping of thelead. The lower part of each chamber communicates with a conical vesselG terminating in a tubular nozzle H from which the finished pipe isdischarged. The passages from the pump chambers to the lead cistern andthe conical vessel are each fitted with a ball valve 9. The nozzle H istubular, its lower extremity 1, or that from which the finished pipeissues, is cylindrical, its upper extremity It, or that which receivesthe lead, is enlarged and is fiuted as represented in Figs. 2 and 3.

The nozzle and the conical vessel are formed in one piece. They aresupported in a socket case I, of similar form, which is firmly securedto the frame work of the machine, and which is closed at top by a cap J,forming the base of the pump chambers B. A mandrel K is supported withinthe tubular nozzle by means of the cap J; this mandrel is cylindrical atits lower extremity but its upper is enlarged and is fluted,corresponding in this respect with the surrounding nozzle. The mandrelis firmly secured to the cap J, and concentric with the socket case I,by a long shank Z which is secured in a tubular boss is on the cap. Thelower extremity of the nozzle H is set concentric with the lowerextremity of the socket case by means of three sliding pins 2' which areset simultaneously and equably toward the center of the mandrel by threeequal spiral ribs secured to an annular turning plate N fitted to theexterior of the tubular extremity of the socket case. The several partsof the machine are secured to a strong frame M and the driving shaft Fis fitted with a pulley m or a cog-wheel to which the power of the primemover is transmitted-by a belt or by gearing.

Vhen lead pipe is to be made with this machine lead previously melted isto be introduced into the cistern; or the lead is melted in the cisternby the application of heat. The gate C is then raised, and the pumpsbeing put in operation, the liquid lead is forced through the nozzle,and cooling in its progress issues in the form of a continuous pipe.

When the machine is first put in operav tion it becomes necessary toprevent the running through of the melted lead by closing the orifice ofthe nozzle until the lead ac cumulates in the conical vessel and sets inthe nozzle, the operation then proceeds continuously, lead beingintroduced into the cistern as it is withdrawn by the pumps. In case thelead in its passage through the machine should not cool fast enough, itmay be cooled by introducing water between the nozzle and thesurrounding case. It will be perceived that the area of the fluted orupper end of the nozzle where the lead is cooled until it loses itsfluidity and becomes of a pasty consistency, is considerably greaterthan that of the lower extremity of the nozzle, hence the lead in itspassage downward is greatly compressed and in creased compactness,density and freedom from flaws of the issuing pipe is insured. Byfluting the nozzle and the mandrel, I am enabled to reduce the spaceoccupied by the machine, while at the same time it enables me to coolthe lead with greater ease. As an annular tapering column of set lead of'a given perimeter is comprised within a much less circle when fluted orcrimped than when plain, it follows that the pressure applied to forceit through the vessel acts more directly, causing less lateral strainand friction.

It will be perceived that the pumps are furnished at their ingress andegress passages with ball valves which I have found to be superior forthis purpose to any other tried by me as they are not liable to clog andare easily made. It will also be perceived that the nozzle H throughwhich the lead is pumped to form the pipe is easily and quickly setconcentric with the mandrel by means of the sliding pins which aresimultaneously and equably moved by the turning of the plate N with itsspiral ribs.

There are two distinct methods of making lead pipe in common use, by theone the pipe is formed after the lead is set or has lost its fluidity,by the other the pipe is formed of fluid lead and is cooled as it passesfrom the nozzle.

My method combines the advantage resulting from the greater ease withwhich the lead is handled in the liquid method, with the greater degreeof compression to which the lead is subjected in the method of formingthe pipe after the lead has set. The pipe produced is superior indensity and in its freedom from flaws to that made by either of theother methods while at the same time it requires much less power than isnecessary in the set method and but little more than is required in thefluid method.

What I' claim as my invention and desire to secure by Letters Patent isthe Corrugated nozzle with its mandrel through which melted lead ispumped for the purpose of making pipe as herein set forth.

JOHN B. COLLAN.

Witnesses:

MATTHIAS MENGEL, GEORGE WV. BRUCKMAN.

